The aim of psychoanalysis is to relieve people of their neurotic unhappiness so that they can be normally unhappy.
-- Sigmund Freud, psychiatrist (1856 -1939)
In the psychiatric and counseling communities, they use a tool called the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, better known as the DSM-IV. The manual, as explained by www.allpsych.com, is published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and covers all mental health disorders, as well as listing known causes for each. Mental health professionals use this manual to help third-party payers (e.g., insurance providers) understand the needs of the patient and to get payment for the appropriate treatment. In layman’s terms, it covers everything from simple, short-term stress reactions to substance abuse, and mild depression to much more serious and debilitating disorders.